Answered: - Build and design a network for small company Using LAN, WAN,

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Answered: - Build and design a network for small company Using LAN, WAN,

Build and design a network for small company

Using LAN, WAN, switch, server and computers how to connect them together

The building has many section like Admin , HR ect

How to use the IP address and subnet

>>>

see the attachment there is the PPT for the lecture design a network may it help

i need it report and ppt .

Could u please finish it as soon as possible

BUSINESS DATA

COMMUNICATIONS &

NETWORKING

Chapter 6

Network Design

FitzGerald ? Dennis ? Durcikova

6-1

Prepared by Taylor M. Wells: College of Business Administration, California State University, Sacramento

Outline

? Network architecture components

? Traditional network design

? Building-block network design

? Needs analysis

? Technology design

? Cost assessment

? Implications for management

6-2

Network Architecture Components

Local area network (LAN) ? Ch. 7

Building backbone network (or distribution layer) ? Ch. 8

Campus backbone (or core layer) ? Ch. 8

Data center ? Ch. 7

Enterprise edge

? Wide area network (WAN) ? Ch. 9

? Internet access ? Ch. 10

? e-commerce edge ? Ch. 7 & 11

6-3

Network Architecture Components

6-4

Traditional Network Design

A structured systems analysis and design process

Network analysis phase includes:

? Meeting with users to determine the needs and applications

? Estimating data traffic on each part of the network

During the network design phase, the logical and physical networks

are designed and circuits and hardware selected

Implementation phase is the building and implementing of the

network

6-5

Traditional Network Design

? Pros

? Useful for static and slowly evolving networks

? Cons

? Costly

? Time consuming

? This approach may not be adequate today due to:

? Rapid changes in technology

? Escalating network traffic demands

? Decrease in hardware costs and increase in staff costs

6-6

Building Block Network Design

? Uses a few standard components to

simplify design and reduce costs

? Iterative design phases

? Needs analysis

? Understand current and future network

needs (users and applications)

? Technology design

? Examine available technologies to

determine which meet or exceed needs

? If needs are difficult to estimate, build

higher capacity

? Cost assessment

? Evaluate financial costs of technology

6-7

Needs Analysis

Needs

Analysis

? Why is the network needed?

? Performance issues may exist

? The organization may be standardizing

? Hardware may need replacement

? What users and applications must be supported?

? Goals differ depending on the network component

? LAN and BN typically are built with organizational ownership

and are often built with excess capacity

? WANs rely more on leased equipment and circuits are typically

designed at or near capacity with organizations leasing additional

circuits as required

6-8

Needs Analysis

Needs

Analysis

? Baselines

? Create metrics of current operations to compare design

requirements against

? Baselines may include

? Sequence of operations

? Processing times

? Work volumes

? Existing costs

? Existing user/management needs

6-9

Needs Analysis

Needs

Analysis

1. Break down the network into architectural components

? Evaluate all seven components

? Often easiest to start with WANs

? Geographic scope of network

2. Review the existing and expected applications that will

use the network

? Identify hardware and software requirements for these

applications

? Identify protocols used by applications

6-10

Needs Analysis

Needs

Analysis

3. Identify and assess network users

? Some users may have very different needs

? How many of each type of user?

4. Categorize network requirements

? Mandatory

? Desirable

? Wish-list

6-11

Needs Analysis

Needs

Analysis

? Deliverable: Logical network design

6-12

Technology Design

Technology

Design

? Development of a physical network design (or set of

possible designs)

? Design includes clients, servers, circuits, and networking

devices (routers, gateways, access points, switches, etc.)

? What new hardware needs to be purchased?

? Can the existing equipment be upgraded?

6-13

Technology Design

Technology

Design

1. Designing clients and servers

? Specify of the devices needed in standard units

? ?Typical? users are allocated base-level clients

? ?Advanced? users are allocated advanced clients

? Servers are similarly allocated based on application

needs

? Definitions of ?typical? and ?advanced? change as

hardware costs fall, and capabilities increase

6-14

Technology Design

Technology

Design

2. Designing circuits

? Capacity planning is the estimation of circuit size

and type required for each network architecture

component

? Circuit loading is an assessment of the amount of

data transferred across a circuit (currently or in the

future)

6-15

Technology Design

Technology

Design

? Estimating circuit traffic

? Average traffic vs. peak traffic

? Designing for peak traffic is ideal

? Estimating message volume

? Count messages sent in the current network and multiply by the

expected growth rate

? Precision may not be the major concern

? Obtaining precise estimates is difficult and expensive

? Standard circuit speeds ?stair step?

? Traffic typically increases more than anticipated

6-16

Technology Design

Technology

Design

? Should network designers plan for excess capacity?

? Upgrading costs 50-80% more than designing higher capacity

time

? Very few complaints about overcapacity

? Most organizations intentionally overbuild

? The turnpike effect occurs when traffic increases faster

than forecasts

? When networks are efficient and fast, users will use

them more frequently

? Most networks designed with excess capacity end up

using overcapacity within 3 years

6-17

Technology Design

Technology

Design

3. Network Design Tools

? Modeling

? Users create diagrams of existing or proposed networks

? Discovery

? Some tools can automatically create network diagrams by

examining existing network

? Simulation

? A mathematical technique used to model the behavior of a

network under real conditions

? Simulates applications and users generating traffic and

responding to messages

? May highlight potential problems

6-18

Technology Design

Technology

Design

? Deliverable: One or more physical network designs

? Multiple designs may be created to highlight tradeoffs

between performance and cost

? Design of circuits and networking devices

? Designs for new/upgraded clients and servers

6-19

Technology Design

Technology

Design

6-20

Cost Assessment

Cost

Assessment

? Financial analysis of the various technology design

alternatives

? Complex process that requires analysis of many factors:

? Circuit costs (cabling and installation)

? Internetworking devices (switches and routers)

? Hardware costs (clients, servers, power supplies)

? Software costs (operating systems, application software

and middleware)

? Network management and maintenance costs

? Operations costs to run the network

? WAN and Internet circuits

6-21

Cost Assessment

Cost

Assessment

? Request for proposal (RFP)

? Detailed specification of equipment, software, and

services desired from vendors

? Typically used in large network purchases

? May include timeline and evaluation criteria for proposals

? Allows the organization to evaluate offerings from different

vendors

? Multi-vendor proposals

? May provide better performance

? May be less expensive

? May be more difficult to manage

6-22

Cost Assessment

Cost

Assessment

? Selling the proposal to management

? Understand that networks, data centers, and most

information technology is viewed as a cost center

? Make a business case by focusing on organizational

needs and strategy

? The importance of network speed, reliability, and

security are easy for non-technical users to understand

? Avoid focusing on technical details and jargon

6-23

Cost Assessment

Cost

Assessment

? Deliverables

? Finalized RFP that is sent to vendors

? Revised technology design with detailed specifications

including exact products and costs

? Business case for the network design

6-24

Implications for Management

? Network design increasingly relies on standardized

technologies and a building-block design

? The cost of hardware, software, and circuits is less

expensive in the long-run than human resources to

manage network

? This may make more expensive hardware that is easier

to manage a better long-term financial decision

? Network usage continues to grow and designing networks

with extra capacity is less expensive than upgrading later

6-25

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